HTML Version - Table of Contents

Topic 1 Disturbances in Cold Air Masses

1.1 Development of Forcing Mechanisms

1.2 Types of Disturbances

1.3 Development of a Polar Low

Topic 2 Climatology of Cold Air Vortices and Polar Lows

2.1 Reference Map and Seasonal Ice Coverage

2.2 Regional Climatology: Pacific and Canadian Waters

2.3 Regional Climatology: Atlantic and European Waters

Topic 3 Monitoring and Nowcasting of Polar Lows

3.1 Nowcasting

3.2 Use of Satellite Imagery

Topic 4 Polar Lows and NWP

4.1 Factors Contributing to the Quality of NWP

4.2 The Future of the Operational Environment

Topic 5 Forecasting Process for Polar Lows

5.1 A Five-Step Forecast Process

Polar Low Forecasting Checklist
References
Contributors