Topics in Winter Weather Forecasting
Polar Low Forecasting
References
The following resources were used in compiling this Topic in Winter Weather Forecasting:
Agee, Ernest M. and Steven R. Gilbert, 1989: An aircraft investigation of mesoscale convection over Lake Michigan during the 10 January 1984 cold air outbreak. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, No.13, 1877–1897.
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Broadfoot, D. 1990: 12 December 1989. Lake Superior polar low. Unpublished presentation.
Businger, Steven, 1987: The synoptic climatology of polar low outbreaks over the Gulf of Alaska and the Bering Sea. Tellus, 39A, 307-325.
Businger, S. and R. Reed, 1989: Cyclogenesis in cold air masses. Wea. Forecasting, 4. No. 2, 133-156.
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COMET Module: Satellite Meteorology: GOES Channel Selection [Available online at https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=784]
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Duncan, C.N., 1978: Baroclinic instability in a reversed shear flow. Meteor. Mag., 107, 17-23.
Emanuel, Kerry, A., 1986: A two-stage air sea interaction theory for polar lows. Proc., Third International Conference on Polar Lows, Norway.
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Heinemann, Günther, 2001: Newsletter of the European Polar Low Working Group, September 2001.
Heinemann, Günther, 2003: Proc. of the European Geophysical Society (EGS) Polar Low Workshop, Cambridge, UK, 11-13 June 2003.
Heinemann, G., 2003. Interaction of katabatic winds, mesocyclones and sea ice formation. Proc., Ninth meeting of the EGS Polar Lows Working Group, Cambridge, UK, 2003.
Hewson, T.D., G.C. Craig, and C. Claud, 2000: Evolution and mesoscale structure of a polar low outbreak, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 1031-1063.
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Mailhot J., D. Hanley, B. Bilodeau, and O. Hertzman, 1996: A numerical case study of a polar low in the Labrador Sea. Tellus, 48A, 383-402.
Midtbø, K.H., 1986: Polar low forecasting. Proc., Third International Conference on Polar Lows, Norway.
Moore, G.W.K., M.C. Reader, J. York, and S. Sathiyamoorthy, 1996: Polar lows in the Labrador Sea: A case study. Tellus, 48A, 17-40.
Moore, Richard W. and T.H. Vonder Haar, 2003: Diagnosis of a polar low warm core utilizing the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit. Weather and Forecasting, 18, 700-711.
Mullen, S., 1983: Explosive cyclogenesis associated with cyclones in polar air streams. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1537-1553.
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Øakland, Hans, 1989: On the genesis of polar lows. Polar and Arctic Lows. P. Twitchell, E. Rasmussen, and K. Davidson, Eds., A. Deepak Publishing.
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Parker, Neil, 1997: Cold Air Vortices and Polar Low Handbook for Canadian Meteorologists. Environment Canada.
Parker, M.N. and Edward Hudson, 1991: Polar Low Handbook for Canadian Meteorologists. Environment Canada, Atmospheric Environment Service.
Parker, M.N, 1992: Polar lows in the Beaufort Sea and Davis Strait. Proc., Applications of New Forms of Satellite Data in Polar Low Research, Polar Low Workshop, Hvanneyri, Iceland.
QuikScat data and images produced by Remote Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Ocean Vector Winds Science Team.
Rasmussen, Erik A. and P.D. Aakjær, 1989: Two polar lows affecting Denmark. Vejret, Special Issue in English, The Danish Meteorological Society.
Rasmussen, Erik A., John Turner, and Paul Twitchell, 1992: Applications of new forms of satellite data in polar low research. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 1057-1073.
Rasmussen, Erik A. and Anette Cederskov, 1994: Polar lows: A critical analysis. The life cycles of extratropical cyclones. Vol 111. Proc. of an International Symposium, Bergan, Norway.
Rasmussen, Erik A., 1995: Polar Lows News: The Newsletter of the EGS Polar Lows Working Group. 9 June 1995, No 5. Dr. G. Heinemann, Chairman.
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Rasmussen, Erik A. and John Turner, 2003: Polar Lows: Mesoscale Weather Systems in the Polar Regions, Cambridge University Press.
Reed, R., 1979: Cyclogenesis in polar air streams. Mon. Wea. Rev., 107, 38-52.
Reed, R. and C. Duncan, 1987: Baroclinic instability as a mechanism for serial development of polar lows: A case study. Tellus, 39A, 376-384.
Renfrew, Ian, G.W.K. Moore, and Aashish A. Clerk, 1996: Binary interactions between polar lows. Submission to Tellus, 22 November 1996; also Extended Abstract, Workshop on Theoretical and Observational Studies of Polar Lows, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 23-26 September 1996.
Shapiro, M.A., L.S. Fedor, and Tamara Hampel, 1987: Research aircraft measurements of a polar low over the Norwegian Sea. Tellus, 39A, 272-306.
Shapiro, MA, T. Hampel, and LS Fedor, 1989: Research aircraft observations of an arctic front over the Barents Seas. Polar and Arctic Lows, Polar and Arctic Lows. P. Twitchell, E. Rasmussen, K. Davidson, Eds., A. Deepak Publishing.
SSM/I data and images produced by Remote Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Pathfinder Program for early Earth Observing System (EOS) products.
Wilhelmsen, K., 1985: Climatological study of gale-producing polar lows near Norway. Tellus, 37A, 451-459.
Yarnal, B. and Henderson, G., 1989: A satellite-derived climatology of polar-low evolution in the North Pacific. Int. J. Climatology, 9, 551-566.
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