Media elements used in this module are protected by a variety of copyright licenses. Please use the "copyright terms" link associated with each item below for more information.
Description:
Aerial view of snow-covered mountains near Anchorage, Alaska
File Name:
alaska_snow.jpg
Credits:
(c) UCAR/NCU
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
of Use
Description:
Aqua AMSR-E 89GHz three-day average of snow and ice cover over North America on 26 April, 2006.
File Name:
amsre_89ghz_no_am_seaice.jpg
Credits:
NASA / GSFC
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graph showing annual snowfall at three sites in the US western mountains
File Name:
annual_s_USmts.jpg
Credits:
NOAA/CPC (from Web site)
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Map of CONUS with the annual number of days with snow cover plotted
File Name:
annual_snow_cover.jpg
Credits:
NOAA
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Two photographs, one showing an avalanche rescue at Jackson Lake, the other showing snow removal during a blizzard
File Name:
avRescue_snowRemoval.jpg
Credits:
NOAA on the av rescue, UCAR Digital Image Lib/NCU on the other
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Photograph of people being blown by strong winds during a snowstorm
File Name:
blowing_snow_people.jpg
Credits:
(C) UCAR / NCU
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Photograph of a snow-covered mountain valley in the Alps
File Name:
bruce_mountains.jpg
Credits:
Bruce Muller
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Graph of Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) and average SWE progression for the Truckee #2 site in California
File Name:
calsnotel_all.jpg
Credits:
Photo courtesy of USDA / NRCS
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Photograph showing a layer of snow that has slid off a greenhouse window and deformed
File Name:
carslide.jpg
Credits:
Ethan Greene
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Table defining the various snow class definitions based on the Sturm et al scheme
File Name:
classification.jpg
Credits:
Sturm et. al. 1995, Journal of Climate (AMS)
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Global snowpack types based on the Sturm et al classification scheme, with maps showing the type for each region of the Northern Hemisphere
File Name:
classification_2.jpg
Credits:
Sturm et. al. 1995, Journal of Climate (AMS)
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Description:
Definitions of the global snowpack types based on the Sturm et al classification scheme.
File Name:
classification_2_defs.jpg
Credits:
Sturm et. al. 1995, Journal of Climate (AMS)
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of convection in a snowpack
File Name:
convection.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graph showing the length of day progressing throughout the year at latitude 45 degrees N
File Name:
daylength.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Two snowfall scenarios, one with a warmer surface temperature and windy conditions, the other with a colder sfc temperature and calm conditions
File Name:
density_wind.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
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COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Electron microscopy images of depth hoar crystals, first when they're small, then when they're large and mature
File Name:
depth_hoar_crystals.jpg
Credits:
USDA/ARC
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
View of Earth with insets for the three levels of climate drivers (mesoscale, synoptic-scale, global-scale)
File Name:
drivers_forSPmod.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Photograph of a snowpit with distinct dirt layers
File Name:
dust_snook.jpg
Credits:
Chris Landry / NCU
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Photograph of a snowpack with a dye test showing the transport of water through it
File Name:
dye_test.jpg
Credits:
Jeff Dozier, UCSB
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of the setup for the Extended Column Test used to measure snowpack stability
File Name:
ectest.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Two photographs, one showing an aerial view of snow-covered mountainous terrain, the other showing flat terrain covered with snow
File Name:
flat_mountains.jpg
Credits:
UCAR Digital Library/NCU Carlye Calvin
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Electron microscopy image of a stellar snow crystal with sectorlike extensions and one arm broken off
File Name:
fractured_cyrstal.jpg
Credits:
Electron and Confocal Microscopy Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agr
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Description:
Illustration of the freezing process, with a graph showing how water turns to ice over time
File Name:
freezing_effect.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Photograph showing dust deposition on snowpack near Fremont Pass, Colorado, May 2009
File Name:
fremont_09.jpg
Credits:
Doug Wesley
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
A hypothetical full snow profile showing temperature and hardness data
File Name:
full_snow_profile.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
A hypothetical full snow profile showing temperature and hardness data (one area is marked as feedback for an exercise)
File Name:
full_snow_profile_fdbk.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Maps showing the major mountain ranges of the world
File Name:
gEarth_mtnRanges.jpg
Credits:
NASA / The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Terrain in the vicinity of the Rocky Mountains
File Name:
gEarth_R.jpg
Credits:
NASA
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Description:
Photograph of glacier calving at Johns Hopkins glacier, Glacier Bay, AK, 1991
File Name:
glacial_ice.jpg
Credits:
NOAA
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Description:
Map showing global glacier locations that range from 1-5 km in size
File Name:
glaciers_1_5.jpg
Credits:
NESDIS/National Snow and Ice Data Center
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graph relating temperature and common crystal habits
File Name:
habits.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Depiction of dendrite, column, and needle crystal habits (types)
File Name:
habits_needles_columns_dendrite.jpg
Credits:
Charlie Knight / The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Depiction of a plate crystal habit (type)
File Name:
habits_plates.jpg
Credits:
The COMET Program/Charlie Knight
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of two snowpacks, one that's densely packed with fractured crystals, the other that's low density and porous with dendrites
File Name:
hardness_panels.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Map of the worldwide climate zones using the Köppen-Geiger climate classification scheme
File Name:
koppen.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Map of the worldwide climate zones using the Köppen-Geiger climate classification scheme, with several of the zone groups highlighted for an exercise
File Name:
koppen_a.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Classification table showing the liquid water content of various types of snow (from dry snow to slush)
File Name:
liquid_water_content_est.jpg
Credits:
USACE
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Illustration of the melting process, with a graph showing how ice turns to water over time
File Name:
melting_effect.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of two level snowpacks, one during the day, the other at night, showing the basic metamorphosis processes
File Name:
morph_processes_1.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of two snowpacks, one showing incoming shortwave radiation, the other showing outgoing longwave radiation
File Name:
morph_processes_1_IR.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Simple depiction of a snow-covered mountain
File Name:
mountain_scenario.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Simple graphical depiction of a mountain with labels indicating which part experiences the most snowfall from an upslope event, the fastest snowmelt, lots of drifted snow, and little snow accumulation due to slope steepness
File Name:
mountain_scenario_fdbk.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Two photographs, one showing a snow-covered valley in the Alps, the other showing a skilift at a mountain resort
File Name:
mountains_skilift.jpg
Credits:
one from Bruce Muller, the other Doug Wesley
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Google Earth map showing the Rocky Mountains and the Uintas
File Name:
mtn_orientation.jpg
Credits:
Google
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Description:
Image of snowpack in complex terrain in Alaska
File Name:
nasa_snowpack_alaska.jpg
Credits:
NASA
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of two surfaces at night, one with snowpack, the other bare
File Name:
night_cooling.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Screen grab of NOHRSC's interactive snow information tool
File Name:
nohrsc_site_tool.jpg
Credits:
NOAA / NWS / NOHRSC
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Illustration of a ram penetrometer, a formal test for measuring the hardness of a layer of snowpack
File Name:
ram_pen.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Sample hardness profile measured by the ram penetrometer
File Name:
ram_profile.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Graphical depiction of snowpack when melting begins the afternoon after the first snow event
File Name:
s1_2pm.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
of Use
Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack where the lowest portion (next to the ground) is warming slowly from conduction
File Name:
s1_2PM_cond.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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![Graphical depiction of a snowpack with a temperature gradient [the surface is warmer than the bottom of the pack]](media/graphics/s1_2pm_temp.jpg)
Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack with a temperature gradient [the surface is warmer than the bottom of the pack]
File Name:
s1_2pm_temp.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Depiction of an early morning snowpack scenario where surface hoar has formed
File Name:
s1_6am_sfchoar.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a 40-cm snowpack
File Name:
s1_6am_sfchoar_noLabels.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack at night when the top crusts due to radiative recrystallization
File Name:
s1_6am_tempgrad.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Illustration of the general effects of trees on the snowfall distribution
File Name:
s1_6am_zoom_trees.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack where the top is cooling rapidly due to radiational cooling
File Name:
s1_6pm_IRcool.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
graphic for interaction asking users to select the right direction and strength of the thermal gradient in a nighttime snowpack scenario with radiational cooling
File Name:
s1_6pm_IRcool_exercise.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Photograph of a large snow-covered boulder used to show the small-scale effect of the sun's aspect
File Name:
s1_aspect.jpg
Credits:
Joe Stock
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of snowpack after new snow event
File Name:
s1_day6_newsnow.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack with freezing drizzle falling on a new snow layer
File Name:
s1_day6_otherPrecipTypes_frdrizz.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack with a new freezing rain event
File Name:
s1_day6_otherPrecipTypes_frrain.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack with graupel falling on the layer of new snow
File Name:
s1_day6_otherPrecipTypes_graupel.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of rain falling on a snowpack
File Name:
s1_day6_otherPrecipTypes_rain.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack with rain falling on a new snow layer
File Name:
s1_day6_otherPrecipTypes_rain1.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack with sleet falling on top
File Name:
s1_day6_otherPrecipTypes_sleet.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack with high-density snow overlying lower-density snow
File Name:
s1_day6_uds.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of gravity at work in a relatively flat snowpack
File Name:
s1_gravity.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Graphical depiction of level snowpack that's 40-cm deep
File Name:
s1_setting.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Graphical depiction of 5 snowpacks, each with a different slope, and differing effects of gravity
File Name:
s2_gravity.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of snowpack with the orientation of the friction force, F, marked
File Name:
s2_gravity_friction.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphic depiction of a 40-cm snowpack on sloped terrain
File Name:
s2_new_snow.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a 40-cm snowpack on sloped terrain with an inset of snowpack in flat terrain
File Name:
s2_new_snow_2scen.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Graphical depiction of snowpack in mountainous terrain after a new snow event
File Name:
s2_newSnow.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Graphical depiction of snowpack in mountainous terrain after a new wet snow event
File Name:
s2_newSnow_variation.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a snowpack in which a rain event is followed by a wet, heavy snowfall
File Name:
s2_rain.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
A snow depth measurement product and a photograph of a snowpit
File Name:
satObs_onsiteObs.jpg
Credits:
Chris Landy and NOAA/NWS/NOHRSC
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of the manual Rutschblock test used to assess the shear quality of snowpack
File Name:
skier_stomp_test.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Map of CONUS showing snow-liquid ratios
File Name:
SLR_national_smaller.jpg
Credits:
Courtesy Martin A. Baxter / Central Michigan University
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Graphical depiction of 2 snowpacks each with a different snow-to-liquid ratio (SLR) and snow water equivalent (SWE)
File Name:
slr_swe.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
Two photographs, one showing an onsite SNOTEL site, the other showing a snowpit
File Name:
snotel_manual.jpg
Credits:
USDA and Chris Landry / NCU
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
A list of the physical properties measured and tools involved in SNOTEL measurements
File Name:
snotel_measure.jpg
Credits:
©The COMET Program
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Description:
Photograph of a sample SNOTEL site that takes routine, standardized in-site snow measurements
File Name:
snotel_site.jpg
Credits:
USDA
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Description:
NOAA/NESDIS global Snow Cover product for 03 Feb 2005
File Name:
snow_cover_prod_global.jpg
Credits:
NOAA / NESDIS
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Description:
NWS snow depth analysis over U.S. for 21 January 2006.
File Name:
snow_depth2_smaller.jpg
Credits:
NOAA / NWS / NOHRSC
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Description:
Plate IX of "Studies among the Snow Crystals" by Wilson Bentley (aka "The Snowflake Man")
File Name:
snow_grains_1902.jpg
Credits:
NOAA
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Description:
Product showing remotely sensed snowcover for the Northern Hemisphere, February 2009
File Name:
snowcover.jpg
Credits:
NOAA/NWS
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Description:
Two photographs, one of a mountain stream fed by melting snowpack, the other of farmland in a drought.
File Name:
snowmelt_drought.jpg
Credits:
USDA / NRCS for the snowmelt photo, UCAR DIL/NCU for the farmland photo
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Description:
NWS snow melt analysis over the U.S. for 24-hour period ending 5 UTC, 22 March 2006
File Name:
snowmelt1_smaller.jpg
Credits:
NOAA / NWS / NOHRSC
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Description:
A typical snowpack temperature profile for both day and nighttime
File Name:
snowpack_temp_profile.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
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Description:
NWS snowpack temperature analysis over U.S. for 24-hour period ending 6 UTC, 21 January 2006.
File Name:
snowpack_temp2_smaller.jpg
Credits:
NOAA / NWS / NOHRSC
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Description:
photograph of a mountain with a bare south-facing slope and a snowy north-facing slope
File Name:
southNorthFacingSlope.jpg
Credits:
Marianne Weingroff
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Description:
Splash page for the Snowpack and Its Assessment module
File Name:
splash.jpg
Credits:
John Weatherley & UCAR / NCU
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Description:
Graphical depiction of the effect of sublimation of snowpack
File Name:
sublimation.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
COMET Standard Terms
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Description:
NWS snow water equivalent analysis over U.S. for 22 March 2006.
File Name:
swe1_smaller.jpg
Credits:
NOAA / NWS / NOHRSC
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Table of relative accumulation amounts of snow on various types of landscapes
File Name:
terrain_type_accum.jpg
Credits:
The COMET Program / UCAR, Photo by Carlye Calvin / NCU
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Description:
Graphical depiction of a mountain with an upslope precipitation event
File Name:
upslope.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
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Description:
Graphical depiction of the effect of wind on fresh vs. drifted snow
File Name:
wind_impacts.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
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Description:
Two snowpack scenes: one with a new snow, the other with drifted snow
File Name:
wind_impacts.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
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Description:
Graphical depiction showing the window of terrain steepness in which avalanches can form
File Name:
window.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
Copyright Terms:
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Description:
Graphical depiction of the distribution of snow in a snowpack at the conclusion of a wind event
File Name:
windschematic.jpg
Credits:
(c) The COMET Program
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Description:
Photograph of wind scouring snow off of the windward side of the peak and depositing it on the leeward side
File Name:
windypeak.jpg
Credits:
Richard Armstrong, NSIDC
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