Introduction

Rain Gauges

The Wind Problem

The ASOS Rain Gauge (Tipping-Bucket Gauges)

The ASOS Rain Gauge (Deployment)

Station Exposure

Conclusion

FAQ Segment

What is the minimum distance a rain gauge should be placed from a tree?

How often should a rain gauge be visited?

Why does the ASOS rain gauge perform best in the spring and fall?

Comments on the NWS Cooperative Observer Network

References

The following is a list of resources referenced in or in support of
Rain Gauges: Are They Really Ground Truth?

Allis, J., B. Harris, and A. Sharp, 1963: A Comparison of Performance of Five Rain-Gage Installations. J. Geophys. Res., 68, 4723-4729.

Ciach, Grzegorz J., Witold F. Krajewski, 1999: Radar-Rain Gauge Comparisons under Observational Uncertainties. J. Appl. Meteor., 38, 1519-1525.

Groisman, Pavel Ya., Eugene L. Peck, Robert G. Quayle, 1999: Intercomparison of Recording and Standard Nonrecording U.S. Gauges. J. Atmos. and Ocean. Tech., 16, 602-609.

Golubev, V., P. Groisman, and R. Quayle, 1992: An Evaluation of the United States Standard 8-in. Nonrecording Raingauge at the Valdai Polygon, Russia. J. Atmos Ocean.Tech., 9, 624-629.

Goodison, B.E., 1978: Accuracy of Canadian Snow Gage Measurements, J. Appl. Meteor., 17, 1542-1548.

Huff, F.A., 1970: Sampling Errors in Measurement of Mean Precipitation, J. Appl. Meteor.,9, 35-44.

Joss, J., and R. Lee, 1995: The Application of Radar-Gauge Comparisons to Operational Precipitation Profile Corrections. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 2612-2630.

Nešpor, V., and B. Sevruk, 1999: Estimation of Wind-Induced Error of Rainfall Gauge Measurements Using a Numerical Simulation. J. Atmos Ocean.Tech., 16, 450-464.

Nystuen, J., 1999: Relative Performance of Automatic Rain Gauges under Different Rainfall Conditions. J. Atmos Ocean.Tech., 16, 1025-1043.

Nystuen, J., J. Proni, P. Black, and J. Wilkerson, 1996: A Comparison of Automatic Rain Gauges. J. Atmos Ocean.Tech.,13, 62-73.

Yang, D., E. Elomaa, A. Tuominen, A. Aaltonen, B. Goodson, T. Gunther, V. Golubev, B. Sevruk, H. Madsen, and J. Milkovic, 1999: Wind-induced Precipitation Undercatch of Hellman Gauges. Nordic Hydrology, 30, 57-80.

Yang, D., B. Goodson, and S. Ishida, 1998: Adjustment of daily precipitation data at 10 climate stations in Alaska: Application of World Meteorological Organization intercomparison results. Water Resources Research, 34, 241-256.

Yang, D., B. Goodson, J. Metcalfe, V. Golubev, R. Bates, T. Pangburn, and C. Hanson, 1998: Accuracy of NWS 8" Standard Nonrecording Precipitation Gauge: Results and Application of WMO Intercomparison. J. Atmos Ocean.Tech.,15, 54-68.

Contributors

COMET Sponsors

• National Weather Service (NWS)
• Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command (NAVMETOCCOM)
• Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA)

Project Contributors

Principal Science Advisor

• Nolan Doesken — Assistant State Climatologist, Colorado Climate Center at Colorado State University

Project Lead/Project Meteorologist

• Wendy Schreiber-Abshire — UCAR/COMET

Additional Science Advisors

• Matt Kelsch — UCAR/COMET

Instructional Design/Multimedia Authoring

• Dr. Sherwood Wang — UCAR/COMET

Multimedia Authoring

• Seth Lamos — UCAR/COMET

Graphic Interface Design/Illustration

• Heidi Godsil — UCAR/COMET

Software Testing/Editing/Quality Assurance

• Kay Levesque — UCAR/COMET
• Michael Smith — UCAR/COMET

Copyright Administration

• Hanne Mauriello — UCAR/COMET

Data Provided By

• American Meteorological Society (AMS)
• Grant Goodge
• NOAA/NESDIS
• NOAA/NWS

COMET HTML Integration Team 2020

• Tim Alberta — Project Manager
• Dolores Kiessling — Project Lead
• Steve Deyo — Graphic Artist
• Gary Pacheco — Lead Web Developer
• Justin Richling — Associate Scientist
• David Russi — Translations
• Gretchen Throop Williams — Web Developer
• Tyler Winstead — Web Developer

COMET Staff, February 2001

Director

• Dr. Timothy Spangler

Senior Management

• Susan Jesuroga (Assistant Director)
• Dr. Joe Lamos (Assistant Director)
• Hanne Mauriello (Business Manager)

Outreach Program Coordinator/Meteorologist Supervisor

• Dr. Greg Byrd

Administration

• Janice Brown
• Lorrie Fyffe
• Elizabeth Lessard (Budget Analyst)
• Bonnie Slagel

Graphics

• Steve Deyo
• Heidi Godsil

Hardware/Software Support and Programming

• Tim Alberta
• Steve Drake
• Dennis Ward
• Carl Whitehurst

Instructional Design

• Patrick Parrish (Supervisor)
• Dr. Alan Bol
• Dr. Vickie Johnson
• Dr. Sherwood Wang
• Marianne Weingroff

Media Production Group

• Bruce Muller, Group Manager
• Steve Deyo
• Seth Lamos
• Brannan McGill
• Dan Riter
• Carl Whitehurst

Meteorologists

• Richard Cianflone — NWS
• Patrick Dills
• Matthew Kelsch
• Dolores Kiessling
• Anthony Mostek — National Satellite Training Coordinator
• Lyn Neilley
• Elizabeth Mulvihill Page — NWS
• Dr. Robert Rozumalski — SOO/SAC Coordinator
• Wendy Schreiber-Abshire
• Amy Stevermer
• Dr. Doug Wesley

Software Testing/Quality Assurance

• Michael Smith (Coordinator)
• Kay Levesque

Systems Administration

• Karl Hanzel
• James Hamm
• Max Parris